The three reproduced monograms are taken from the book “Monograms and Ciphers” published in 1906 by certain A.
In those days it was question of rich families' prestige, with the rulers being the forerunners, to have their monograms embroider on handkerchiefs, engraved on jewelry, especially on seal rings, engraved on furniture, put on the house facades and curved by bars in metal fences. The trade mark designed for the Srpska Knjizevna Zadruga (The Serbian Book Society) by famous poet Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj, is a typical monogram – initial mark from the 19th century, made of intricately interlaced letters. The monogram of German goldsmith Hans Rohr from the end of the 18th century, engraved into the silver spoon. One of the oldest monograms is the old Christian mark with the initials of Jesus Christ.Īlbrecht Dürer, the famous German artist from the 15th century, built in his well-known monogram into each of his graphic prints or paintings in diverse ways. Such connections are NOT ligatures, although they are very similar, because they are not a letter character, but form a unique visual whole. Separated from a text, the connected letters, most often initials of Christian names or institutions' names, can be used as a mark of that person or institution. Since ancient times the artists and craftsmen (the two occupations were not separated at the time) signed their works with specially combined initials. From the Book CENTAUR LETTERS (part four)
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